These controversies concerning the relationships amongst citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs could be due to ways in which OCBs are calculated. Inside the literature, OCBs have typically been outlined as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are struggling to establish the behavioural motivations fundamental OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4